WATER COLOURS
Water colour is commonly used for the art of painting. The colours which are used by dissolving it in water are called water colours. These are available in the form of paste in a tube or in the form of a cake. These colours are applied initially in diluted form and then in densed form. The initially application in diluted form is termed as “Seperation” and the next application in densed form is known as “Over Lapping”. The painting is being completed by bringing the effect of light and shade with the final application of colour.Water colour being a transparent colour, should be applied uniformly and care should be taken that no scar is formed on the paper and no thick application is made. It should It should be applied smoothly in two or three phrases. Before application of colour, the paper should be made wet.
Arcylic colours and Poster colours (which are available in bottles) are also used by dissolving in water, but these are not water colours. Arcylic colours are of Plastic type and Poster colours are white based thick type. Poster colours are not transparent and these do not have any speed like water colours. When the paper is made wet and kept horizontally, the water particles spread all over the whole surface of the paper and when water colour is applied on this wet paper. It also spreads uniformly. So preliminary out lines of the picture are drawn very lightly with a pencil. While colours are never been mixed with the water colours and black colours muxt have to be avoided. Black colours can be used only by mixing it with other colours but never used directly.
PASTEL COLOURS
These are wax based colours and applied by rubbing these on the paper. These colours are not erasable. The hue or tint of one colour can be covered up with another hue. There are two kinds of pastel colours. Dry Pastel Colour and Oil Pastel Colour. After learning the water colour treatment the learners should learn the use of pastel colours before proceeding to learn the oil colour treatment. To make a lighter tint and to smoothen any pastel colour tone, white colour is being mined or rubbed on it.
OIL COLOURS
At the final stage of learning painting, the learners should acquire the knowledge of the treatment of oil colours. A through knowledge of painting is required for the use of oil colours, because pencil or charcoal drawing is completely covered up, when oil colour is applied on it. While painting a picture with oil colour, colours of deeper shade are to be applied first then the lighter shades. Turpentine oil and linseed oils are used as the medium of dissolving oil colours. To make a lighter tint of any oil colour, white colour is being mixed with it. These colours are applied on a canvas with the help of a brush.
ACRYLIC EMULSION COLOURS
These colours are very commonly used. These are generally available in the form of paste in tubes. These colours are applied on a canvas by dissolving these in water. Arcylic emulsions become dry very quickly, so these are applied swiftly by rapid movement of brushes. Though these colours are water soluble but once the pictire becomes dry, it is not possible to wipe off the colours with water. Before application, these colours are mixed with sufficient water. Mixing of two seperate colours in liquid form procedures a new colour, but when a new colour is applied on the dried previous colour it supresses the previous colour. When a Hog brush is used, the treatment should be like oil colour treatment and thar should be like water colour treatment whena stable haired brush is used.
POSTER COLOUR
These colours are mostly used in Commercial Painting. The solvent used for these colours is also water, unlike water colours, these are not transparent and its application a different. These are bit densed type and white based when two colours are used side by side in a picture, unlike water colours, it can not make any variety by getting mixed with each other and hence, the mixture o two or more colours, if required, is made in the palette and then it is applied on the picture. As the density of these colours is bit high, the edges look very sharp, when applied on a picture. In some Indian style pictures, these colours can be used very nicely but the learners of fine art should not use these colours much.
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